Family-Centered Program of Education Essay - 1877 Words

What happens when you take the children out of the spotlight and focus on children with their families? You will get a family-centered approach to education. The Family-Centered approach believes that family involvement matters for a young child’s cognitive and social development. Family-Centered Program theories and concepts support the early childhood classroom and the child’s family. This can happen only if parents and educators work together to encourage desired behaviors from pre-school-aged children in both the pre-school and the home setting. The first thing that needs to be looked at to understand a child’s development is attachment. Attachment is a lasting emotional relationship that begins at birth and is a lifelong process. The†¦show more content†¦Teachers must put a limit on attachment. Overall attachment builds trust. Once a child reaches toddlerhood autonomy begins. One of the signs of developing autonomy is self-help skills. If a child is deprived the ability to do things for themselves they lose their determination to be independent. There are five major types of self-help skills: eating, dressing, grooming, household skills, and toileting. Parents can encourage developing self-help skills by providing opportunities to develop the skills, model self-help, give appropriate feedback, and allow time for a child to perform a task themselves. When allowing a child feed themselves be sure the food it cut into bit sized pieces, just be aware that some foods are a choking hazard. Cutting hot dogs in to strips rather than circles can prevent the choking hazard. Allow children to drink out of their own sip cup with two handles that can be easily held. Next allow a child to dress or undress themselves. Sometimes it can be easier for a child to begin with undressing themselves. Allow a child to take off hi s/her own clothes. Allow a child to practice dressing skill on a doll this can help when it’s time for a child to do it themselves. Allow a child a brush their teeth, comb their hair, wash and dry hands, and wash themselves in the bath. You can promote these self-help skills by giving the child their own washcloth, toothbrush, or comb while having another one to assist if needed. Teaching self-helpShow MoreRelatedEce 313 Week 1 Assignment Family Partnerships1326 Words   |  6 PagesECE 313 WEEK 1 ASSIGNMENT FAMILY PARTNERSHIPS To purchase this visit here: http://www.activitymode.com/product/ece-313-week-1-assignment-family-partnerships/ Contact us at: SUPPORT@ACTIVITYMODE.COM ECE 313 WEEK 1 ASSIGNMENT FAMILY PARTNERSHIPS Family Partnerships. Chapter 1 focuses on the family-centered approach to early childhood education, highlighting the importance of the partnership between the family, the early childhood program, and the community to maximize a child’s developmentRead MoreEce 313 Week 5 Final Project1497 Words   |  6 PagesWEEK 5 FINAL PROJECT The Final Project will illustrate how family-centered programs, theories, and concepts support the early childhood classroom and the child’s family. The family-centered approach asserts that family involvement is important for a young child’s cognitive and social development. The Final Project, which will be presented via PowerPoint, will address the following scenario: You are the director of a preschool program that serves children ages three to five. You are giving a presentationRead MorePatient Centered Primary Care Collaborative Stakeholders1418 Words   |  6 Pages PATIENT-CENTERED PRIMARY CARE COLLABORATIVE STAKEHOLDERS By: Tracey Pinkney â€Æ' â€Å"In a randomized controlled study, we found that Palliative Advanced Home Care and Heart Failure Care (PREFER) increased quality of life in patients with CHF, reduced the number of hospitalizations, and reduced the number of days of hospitalization.† [1] In today’s healthcare system there is an increase in the concern of the quality of life and how can health services be delivered to the home at a reasonable costRead MoreProfessional Development : Finding A Bsn Program Essay758 Words   |  4 Pagestheir career. The Magnet founders also recognize that nursing is about more than bedside skills and clinical techniques. Higher education can help nurses develop critical thinking and better communication skills, as well as openness to new ideas and new models of care – resulting in the highest possible standard of patient care (Preparing for magnet status: finding a BSN program, 2011). Interdisciplinary teams involve many different specialist (physician, nurses, dietitian, social worker, physicalRead MoreDevelopment Of Culture Centered Educational Program For Nigerian Immigrants Essay1566 Words   |  7 Pages Development of Culture-Centered Educational Program for Nigerian Immigrants to Assess Knowledge and Attitudes Surrounding Diabetes Mellitus Name Affiliation Development of Culture-Centered Educational Program for Nigerian Immigrants to Assess Knowledge and Attitudes Surrounding Diabetes Mellitus Introduction Diabetes Mellitus affects 29.1 million people in the United States of America. According to the center for disease control and prevention (2014), minorities have higher rates of disabilityRead MoreCore Competencies For Healthcare Professionals1582 Words   |  7 Pagesprofessionals. These competencies are to â€Å"provide patient-centered care, work in inter-professional teams, employ evidence-based practice, apply quality improvement, and utilize informatics.†(Finkelman, 2012, p. 214). Nurse leaders recognize that the need to put the patient first is at the heart of patient-centered care and is significant in all aspects of nursing care. Patient-centered care incorporates collaboration with the patient and family and takes into consideration cultural diversity or issuesRead MoreLack of Communication Is the Biggest Problem in Healthcare Today1715 Words   |  7 Pagespatients and their families, and the effect it has on patient safety. Communication, as a whole, is very com plex and is the root of teamwork and collaboration which aids in keeping patients safe in the hospital. Throughout the healthcare field today patient-centered care and patient safety seem to be major focus points. Unfortunately, ineffective communication can potentially cause patient harm and even death. The breech in ineffective communication between hospital staff and family was clearly portrayedRead MoreWhat Are The Affects Of Nursing Care On Cultural Patients?1123 Words   |  5 Pagescare, which may lead to patient death. Within this literature review we will focus on exactly how culture plays a role in effecting adequate nursing care. Most importantly we will focus on the two important models, Cultural competence and Patient centered care. These two models were introduced to help improve health care systems, have this proved to be successful? Are nurses still facing cultural boundaries with care? After reading this review, readers will understand if and how nurse-patient culturalRead MoreDraft Of Personal Philosophy Statement1268 Words   |  6 Pages7-2 Final Project Milestone Three: Draft of Personal Philosophy Statement In the field of higher education, I will welcome with open arms, accept, affirm, and celebrate all students by creating an environment that is equal and inclusive for all people regardless of their race, gender, sexual orientation, ethnicity, cultural background, religion, family structure, economic status, learning ability, linguistic ability, and/or learning style. I will create an environment that includes positive, challengingRead MoreStem Integration Within America s Schools971 Words   |  4 Pagesin STEM related jobs is quite apparent, knowledge of STEM capacities is necessary to function in the 21st century. The Committee of Highly Successful School for Programs for K-12 STEM Education (2011) calls for schools to â€Å"strive for excellence for all students in all disciples† (p.13). Meaning successful STEM K-12 education programs have specific qualities which lead towards success, including; a coherent set of standards and curriculum, teachers with high capacity to teach in their discipline

Symptoms And Symptoms Of Anxiety - 1319 Words

Anxiety When asked to do a report on a health related subject I didn’t have to wonder. There was no concern on what subject I would pick. It is plain and simple. I would write on panic disorder. PTSD, or generalized anxiety. This would give me a stage to set some clarity to what is seen as just a group of people who are not as mentally tough as other people. Ever get nervous before a big test? Feel stressed and anxious about a situation. In a state of constant worry. Great because that is not anxiety at all. Well it is but it isn’t. This is a natural form of anxiety that is felt by all of us from time to time, or a lot of the time. This is what I would call anxiety within the normal parameters of an individual’s life. Now let’s get to what a Panic Disorder feels like. We will take an excerpt from a journal of an individual who is going through a panic disorder in real time as he is writing to show the great contrast from what most people think is anxiety. Journal Excerpt 4/5/15 I haven’t heard much on panic attacks centralized in the head area it is usually a whole body participation. Unfortunately, these are the type of attacks that I have been having lately. The attack happens directly in the brain or head area. The feelings well let’s see if I can even verbalize. Pressure yes, brain fog, feels like you could just shut off at any moment, a scratchy acidic feeling like something is not completely right in there, maybe inflammation. Things are simultaneously goingShow MoreRelatedSymptoms And Symptoms Of Anxiety1008 Words   |  5 PagesAnxiety Anxiety, depression, and medications†¦ These are all things we need to take into consideration when thinking about everyday life. Anxiety has become a generalized factor of life and many people suffer from it everyday. Yes, everyone knows what it s like to feel anxious but not like those with anxiety. Different types of anxiety have different types symptoms and causes. Even though every anxiety is different they are all controlled by one thing--you. Anxiety comes in many forms you haveRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Anxiety1269 Words   |  6 Pages Anxiety is an emotion characterized by an unpleasant state of mind, often accompanied by nervous behavior and a series of unpleasant feelings and a symptom of underlying health problems. â€Å"Anxiety is not the same as fear, which fear is a response to an immediate threat, whereas anxiety is the expectation of a future threat†. Anxiety is distinguished from fear, which is an appropriate emotional response to a perceived threat and is related to the specific behaviors of fight-or-flight responses, defensiveRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Anxiety926 Words   |  4 PagesPsychological disorder on anxiety. Anxiety is a universal human experience and is a human emotion. It can be defined as a feeling of apprehension, uneasiness, uncertainty, or dread resulting from a real or perceived threat. Anxiety is a vague sense of dread related to an unspecified or unknown danger. Most people’s anxiety is caused by fear. Fear is a reaction to a specific danger and can cause anxiety in a person. Anxiety affects everyone at a deeper level. It invades the central core of the personalityRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Anxiety2556 Words   |  11 PagesAnxiety is not disease but a symptom; it is a bodily response to protect itself from an appearing threat. The threat may or may not be logical but due to adaptation it works as a protective mechanism to prevent from being in danger. As this response was once conditioned into the system, there are also ways to un-condition our responses. Anxiety levels have never been higher in university students than they are today. Some manage on their own to cope with the tension, obsessive thoughts and sleeplessRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Anxiety876 Words   |  4 PagesNormal and Abnormal Anxiety Anxiety is a reaction to things that stress you. It is normal to have some anxiety at work, school, or home. It is when anxiety becomes a daily occurrence with no known cause that it is categorized as a disorder. Anxiety, panic, and depression often begin with normal stress that gets out of control. Hectic lifestyles lead to poor eating habits, less restful sleep, deficiencies in vitamins and minerals the body needs, and higher levels of stress. You don’t have to workRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Anxiety1491 Words   |  6 Pages Anxiety is one of the most common mental health problems there are. 1 in 4 adults will have an anxiety disorder in their lifetime, and 1 in 10 people will have an anxiety disorder each year. However, most of the people that suffer from anxiety don’t receive proper treatment for it. Anxiety is sometimes ignored as something normal, even when it is serious. This is one of the reasons why a person would have an anxiety disorder for a long period of time. A multitude of people are uninformed of theRead MoreAnxiety : Symptoms And Symptoms1199 Words   |  5 PagesAnxiety Content Page: Everyone has daily worries, such as money, friendships, or family problems. Do you, or does someone you love, experience extreme worry about these things and more, even when there’s no reason to be so worried? People with Anxiety are very anxious about just getting through each day, and generally think things will always go badly. This excess worrying prevents these people from doing everyday tasks. These are common signs and symptoms of people suffering from anxiety. Does itRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Anxiety9666 Words   |  39 Pagesyou are constantly out of control and will never get rid of your anxiety. These thoughts may momentarily flash through your mind, bringing with them feelings of fear. The more you think about these feelings, the more fear seems to come as a result. Your nervous system may become disturbed and your stomach may also feel the effects of these negative thoughts. Your general physical health can suffer greatly as a result of anxiety. Anxiety is a vicious cycle; the more you dwell on the negative thoughtsRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Anxiety Disorders1295 Words   |  6 PagesAnxiety Disorder Many people experience anxiety and nervousness from time to time, typically about a near event, something with an uncertain outcome, problem at work, or making an important decision. It is a normal human emotion and a normal part of life, however, anxiety disorders are not and they are very different. Anxiety disorders are psychiatric disorders which are very serious mental illness. People with anxiety disorders experience overwhelming and constant worry and fear. It often don’tRead MoreAnxiety And Symptoms Of Anxiety894 Words   |  4 Pages Anxiety is a common fundamental emotion shared by most species in some way. It is a normal reaction or response to certain situations that may be alarming and cause distress. When confronted in stressful, dangerous, or new situations, certain physical symptoms such as heart beating faster, the feeling of tension, dizziness, shortness of breaths, and poor sleeping habits start to arise. In this case study, twenty-two year old Delores stil l lives at home with her mother and father because she is facing

Gen Xs voting apathy Essay Example For Students

Gen Xs voting apathy Essay When walking to any class on the University of Oregon campus I can almost promise that you will be asked to sign some petition, support some group, or register to vote in your current county. In fact, the University of Oregon campus makes political involvement look alive and well amongst Generation Xers. Does the U of O reflect what most of Generation X feel about American politics, or if you were to go to a different university would you see another side of Generation Xs political involvement? If political activism is alive in all of Gen Xers then why is it that during the 1992 elections, exit-poll data revealed that only 25 percent of people between the ages of 18-24 voted, the lowest voting rate of any age group. Unfortunately, most students could care less. This I dont care attitude is rooted in the I have my opinion, you have your opinion, and thats all principle that is so common among students. When truth is relative to your own tastes, theres no reason to try to find the right policy that is objectively best for all of us. The first thing that pops into my mind when I think of Generation X is the omnipresent negative descriptions of Gen X as superficial, stupid, lazy, and amoral presented throughout the popular media (as documented by Howe and Strauss 1993; Holtz 1995; Rushkoff 1994). How do these descriptions of our generation with a PR problem (Howe an Strauss 1993: 9) impact our individual experiences and how do our experiences/interactions with these ideas about Gen X help form social/political rules, roles, and structures? As someone born in 1979, I cant help but consider, when reading about Generation X, whether or not these descriptions, evaluations and statistics about my generation resemble my experiences and those of my peers. In situating myself in terms of these analyses I cannot simply accept or reject this label. Even if I completely distance myself from, for instance, the slacker ethic, the utter materialism, or political apathy associated with Gen X, my interactions with othersand as a result my identityare shaped by the assumptions others may make about me because of my status as a member of this cohort. The truth remains that our generations political apathy hurts us all. When an entire age group fails to exercise its political power by not voting, politicians will take note and ignore issues that affect us. In 1997 not a single one of the eleven states that called their citizens to the polls managed to get a majority vote. The best turnout occurred right here in Oregon, when the heated campaign debate had taken place on the question of whether to repeal the states right to die law. The worst turn out last year was a shockingly low five- percent, for a special election in Texas (The Atlantic Monthly; December 1997). Turnout is now greatly related to experience in life. Turnout rates have always been lowest among young people; perhaps this is why there was relatively little opposition in the early 1970s to lowering the voting age to eighteen. But not even the most pessimistic analysts could have foreseen the record-low participation rates of Generation X, as shown in the following census findings on the age turnout (The Atlantic Monthly; November 1998): After looking at this graph, its no surprise to me that in the 1994 congressional election turnout was 37 percent. As the statistics are usually presented, this rate averages from 10 to 40 points lower than in the democratic nations of Western Europe, Scandinavia, and the British Commonwealth (Ranney1998; 64) The low turnout among young voters today is paradoxical given that they are one of the best-educated generations in American history. Even those who have made it to college are expressing remarkably little concern for politics (Ray, Axtell, and Mickelson 1993). The class of 2001 recently set a new record for political apathy among college freshmen: only 27 percent said that keeping up with politics was an important priority for them, as opposed to 58 percent of the class of 1970, with whom some of our parents attended college. Of course, the class of 2001 has not seen government encroach on their .

Of Miracles By Hume Essays - Miracles, David Hume, Of Miracles

Of Miracles By Hume In David Hume's paper "Of Miracles," Hume presents a various number of arguments concerning why people ought not to believe in any miracles. Hume does not think that miracles do not exist it is just that we should not believe in them because they have no rational background. One of his arguments is just by definition miracles are unbelievable. And have no rational means in believing miracles. Another argument is that most miracles tend to come from uncivilized countries and the witnesses typically have conflicts of interest and counterdict each others experiences. Both of these arguments are valid however they tend to be weak. I think that Hume's strongest argument is that he claims there is no credibility to the testimony behind the miracles. In Hume's argument he says "that there is no testimony for any, even those which have not been expressly detected, that is not opposed by an infinite number of witnesses; so that not only the miracle destroys the credit of the testimony, but the testimony destroys itself." To make this clear Hume uses religious matters. Many religions use miracles as a foundation. "Every miracle, therefor, pretended to have been wrought in any of these religions as its direct scope is to establish the particular system to which it is attributed; so has it the same force, though bore indirectly, to overthrow every other system." If the miracles try to destroy a system, a religion, it destroys the credit of the miracles themselves, and the system in which they were established. Since most religions are based on miracles and try to destroy each other with contrary miracles and then we as humans have no reasoning on which miracle to believe in. Therefore what I think that Hume is trying to say is that for a religion to be credible it must not be based on miracles. This argument is seen by society to be far fetched, because most people have a certain belief in a certain religion and have somewhat a belief in miracles, but Hume has a good argument. He says that people should not believe in religions that are based on miracles because they have no credibility. Miracles themselves are thought to have weak credibility because the majority of the people in the society think that they are false. However there are many people that believe in miracles in one way or another. Either directly or indirectly. If you affiliate yourself with a religion that is based on miracles then you are indirectly a believer in miracles. This is what Hume would think and also he would say that you should not believe in the miracles because they are the basis of your religion and have no credibility due to the fact that the religion is trying to destroy another religion and their miracles. Even though Hume has a good argument, one could make an argument that Hume is wrongly saying that we ought not to believe in religions based on miracles. Religion is a major part of society. The majority of the world has faith in a religion and it thought to believe in miracles. Also religion has helped the world grow to where it is today and if Hume says that we should not have even believed in religion, then society would not have grown and developed into various civilizations. Religion brings mass amount of people together, and most of the time they believe in the same miracle. In history the church was the main government and also in charge of the education. Now if the miracle that brought all these people together never were believed in we would never have had any basis for government or any basis for education. Due to the church educating the people, eventhough it was few at first, there would not have been many sciences developed or maybe philosophy would not have come about. Since the church united the people and educated them, then indirectly the miracles on which they all believed in helped the education process. David Hume says that we ought not believe in miracles, but if people did not believe in them, like Hume says to do, then the world would not have grown and developed. Education helped the world grow and develop and if it was not for religion and miracle based religion then we may not have any education system. We have to believe in miracles to help the world grow. Believing in miracles today may not lead to such an important development, but look

The Heart and the Circulatory essays

The Heart and the Circulatory essays The Heart and the Circulatory System Imagine that you are living in the year 1535, and that you don't feel well. You have had some problems with fatigue, feeling a little more tired than usual when you walked to the market and back. You tell this to your physician, and he sends you to another physician down the street, telling you there may be some problem with your circulation. When you get to the new physician, he tells you to take off your shirt and lie down on the bench. After a quick look in your mouth, he says your vital blood is probably O.K. But he's concerned that maybe your nutritive blood is not being made fast enough. Then he starts to feel around on your abdomen. He mentions that your liver is slightly enlarged and suggests that maybe you have not been eating enough green leafy vegetables or protein. Wait a minute! You have come in with problems with your circulation, and this guy is talking about your liver and the type of foods you have been eating! What is going on here? Where did this fellow learn to p ractice medicine anyway? Confusion over the nature of the heart, the blood, and the role of the blood in the body had existed for centuries. Pliny the Elder, a Roman writer who lived from AD 23-79, and author of a 37-volume treatise entitled Natural History, wrote "The arteries have no sensation, for they even are without blood, nor do they all contain the breath of life; and when they are cut only the part of the body concerned is paralyzed...the veins spread underneath the whole skin, finally ending in very thin threads, and they narrow down into such an extremely minute size that the blood cannot pass through them nor can anything else but the moisture passing out from the blood in innumerable small drops which is called sweat." A century later Galen, a Greek physician who lived in the second century AD., spent his lifetime in observation of the human body and its functioning. Galen believed and taught his stud...

Erosion and Deposition essays

Erosion and Deposition essays Erosion and deposition, two actions that shape the world. Without them, earths landscaping would be similar to mars. Erosion is often confused with weathering, people believe that erosion is the act of breaking down sediments when in fact it is a mode of transportation for these broken down sediments. Such modes of transportation are; running water, glacial movement, and wind. Erosion by definition is, the process by which earth materials are moved by natural agents like moving water, wind and ice. Deposition is the depositing of theses sediments in certain areas. for example wind deposits sand on any object where it continues to be deposited and forms a sand dune a large deposit if sand. erosion and deposition happens in many ways in forms and in many places. Running water is the most effective agent of erosion on the earth. running water includes all water that falls on earth and moves down hill under the pull of gravity, be it rain, snow or any other form of precipitation. like other agents of erosion, waters energy comes from the sun. The sun lifts water by evaporation and eventually it is redeposited all over the world. A key word to running water is carrying power. the carrying power of any source of running water is indicated by the amount and size of the sediment in the water. some other key words are, slope, and velocity. The greater the slope of the bed of a stream, the greater the velocity (or speed) the water will have, then the greater the carrying power and in turn the greater the erosion. running water erodes surfaces by a force called abrasion. Running water breaks up its bedrock by a grinding action called abrasion. the body of water will use the sediments its carrying, (pebbles, sand, gravel, boulders), as cutting tools to wear away at anything in its path. A river will roar straight down a mountain carrying anything in its path because the mountain is on a slope, the...

My Left Foot Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

My Left Foot - Essay Example They have been treated like a burden and nuisance. To a certain extent, they are deprived of caring, which they must deserve. I strongly feel that this kind of situation is unjust for all of those who are handicapped. They are not treated as decent as a normal human being should, which is already unjust and unacceptable because it is ethically and morally wrong. On the other hand, there are moments where Christy is treated like he is a major spectacle. People would clamour towards him. I felt that people are fascinated about his condition. However, there are instances that people abused him and took advantage of him due to his crippled and incompetent state. People made fun of him. This is quite frustrating because of the insensitivity and inconsideration about his situation. There are moments that handicapped people might do something that is spectacular but it is even unfair for them to be objects of entertainment. It might be good to applaud these handicaps of what they can do but it is not fair for them to be treated as such because it appears quite tokenistic. I daresay it is tokenistic in that case due to the fact that people just recognize that good and plausible things that these handicapped people are capable of doing. What seems to be more problematic, in terms of my perspective, is that those people, who have enjoyed upon seeing such, have not done anything tangible to help these handicapped people to improve their conditions further. This is something that struck me in the whole process of watching the film due to the virtuosity of the actors and actresses to show the pain and madness; the frustrations and delight. In the end, I realized that I have not shown so much care, compassion and sensitivity to the handicapped people. I do felt that I have a responsibility to help them in any way possible.

Reflection Paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Reflection Paper - Assignment Example Autonomy creates an element of directing one’s own life while purpose enhances the desire for persons to do things in service of something significant than ourselves (Pink, 26). More over, mastery enhances the desire of continually improving something that is important. It is imperative to note that, Pink points out that, the traditional carrot and stick method of motivation does not fit in the dynamic jobs of the 21st century. This method concentrates on the principle of rewarding the likable behaviour and punishing the dislikeable one. The carrot and stick method of motivation immensely assumes that the main drive, which powers human conduct, is the drive to counter to rewards and punishments the dynamic milieu (Pink, 26). This study reveals that this method failed to produce the projected results in most instances and this led to the discovery of a possible third drive for human conduct. However, the carrot and stick method proved to work well for typical tasks, which were less dynamic, highly controlled and unchallenging. These tasks involved straightforward processes and less lateral thinking. Pink’s model of addressing the aspect of motivation in the 21st century is such dynamic in the sense that it fits in all the dynamistic nature of the complex jobs. These jobs are interesting and self directed and cannot be attributed to the aspects of rigidity in the carrot and stick approach. In Pink’s perception, it is evident that, the traditional approach of reward can lead to less productivity if applied in the complex nature and the creativity aspects in the 21st century jobs. Pink attributes traditional approach to diminished intrinsic motivation, less creativity, short-term thinking, addiction, unethical conduct and lower performance (Pink, 26). On the other hand, Pink’s approach based on self-determination theory with three fundamental pillars of autonomy, purpose and mastery is capable of correlating maximally wit the dynamic

BP vs Exxon Essay Example for Free

BP vs Exxon Essay The BP oil spill is the most resent oil incident. The oil spill was really big and caused a lot of mess and damage to nature. It killed a lot of animals and fish and made the water dangerous. BP says that they were working hard to clean the oil up. They were taking a really long time. BP has responded to todays US Government report into last years Deepwater Horizon accident, it says it agrees with its core conclusion, consistent with every other official investigation that the accident was the result of multiple causes, involving multiple parties, including Transocean and Halliburton. From the outset, BP acknowledged their role in the accident and has taken big steps to further enhance safety and risk management throughout its global operations, including the implementation of new voluntary standards and practices in the Gulf of Mexico that exceed current regulatory requirements and strengthen the oversight of contractors. A lot of different dirty oily thing was all over the beaches. Tar balls washed onto Gulf of Mexico beaches from Tropical Storm Lee shows that oil left over from 2 years BP spill isnt breaking down as quickly as some scientists thought it would. Auburn University experts who studied tar samples at the request of coastal leaders said the latest wave of gooey balls and chunks appeared really fresh, smelled strongly and were barley changed chemically from the weathered oil that collected on Gulf beaches during the spill. The study concluded that mats of oil, not weathered tar, which is harder and contains fewer hydrocarbons , are still submerged on the bottom of the sea and could pose a long-term risk to coastal ecosystems. BP didnt immediately comment on the study, but the company added a lot of cleanup crews and extended their hours after large patches of tar balls polluted the white sand at Gulf Shores and Orange Beach starting maybe around Sept. 6. Tar balls also washed on shore in Pensacola, Fla. Which is to the east and was farther from the storms path. Marine scientist, George Crozier, said the findings make sense because submerged oil degrades slowly due to the relatively low amount of oxygen in the Gulf of mexicos sandy bottom. It eathered to some extent after it moved from southern Louisiana to Alabama but not much has happened to it since then, said Crozier, longtime director of the state sea laboratory at Dauphin Island. Crozier said remnants of the spill are economically toxic for tourism, but he doubts there is much of an environmental threat. The oil lingering on the seabed is of a consistency and chemical composition somewhere between crude oil and tar, he said. The company did not agree to a request by the city of Gulf Shores to expand the latest cleanup efforts to include big heavy machinery. Auburn studied tar balls that were dragged up by Lee at the request of the city of Orange Beach with outside funding from the city, the National Science Foundation and the Marine Environmental Sciences Consortium. The study wasnt reviewed by outside scientists before its release. The numbers dont lie, two weeks ago, a man named skimmers picked up roughly about 25,000 barrels of nasty dark oily water from the gulf of Mexico. On Thursday of two years ago, they gathered just about 200 barrels of the stuff that’s killing the environment. Still, it doesnt mean that all the oil that gushed for weeks is gone. Thousands of small oil patches are still under the surface, but experts say an astonishing amount has disappeared, reabsorbed into the environment. On the other hand, Exxon’s oil spill was in 1989. The oil spill was really really big also. On March 24, 1989, the tanker Exxon Valdez, en route from Valdez, Alaska to Los Angeles, California, ran aground on Bligh Reef in Prince William Sound, Alaska. The ship was traveling outside normal shipping lanes in an attempt to avoid ice(but still ended up crashing). Within six hours of the grounding, the Exxon Valdez spilled approximately 10. 9 million gallons (wow that’s a lot I bet the fishes was mad) of its 53 million gallon cargo of Prudhoe Bay crude oil. Eight of the eleven tanks on board were damaged. The oil would eventually impact over 1,100 miles of noncontiguous coastline in Alaska, making the Exxon Valdez the largest oil spill to date in U. S. waters. The response to the Exxon Valdez involved more personnel and equipment over a longer period of time than did any other spill in U. S. history. Logistical problems in providing fuel, meals, berthing, response equipment, waste management and other resources were one of the largest challenges to response management. At the worst part of the response, more than 11,000 personnel, 1,400 vessels and 85 aircraft were involved in the cleanup(but still didn’t get the job done right). It killed lots of animals.

A Non-Pacifist Argument Against Capital Punishment Essay -- Argumentat

A Non-Pacifist Argument Against Capital Punishment ABSTRACT: In this paper I present a moral argument against capital punishment that does not depend upon the claim that all killing is immoral. The argument is directed primarily against non-philosophers in the Judeo-Christian tradition. Oddly, the moral argument against capital punishment has not been effective in the United States despite the biblical injunction against killing. Religious supporters of the death penalty often invoke a presumed distinction between ‘killing’ and ‘murdering’ and avow that God forbade the latter but not the former. Self-defense and just wars are cited as cases of morally justified killing. Accepting these premises, I point out that when cases of justified killing in self-defense are altered to include an element of delay, disarming and premeditation, they too become murder. Since the death penalty clearly involves the elements of delay, disarming and premeditation, I conclude that the death penalty is murder in the biblical sen se and ought to be abolished in any God-fearing (or otherwise moral) society. Traditional opposition to capital punishment has generally been based on one or more of the following claims: (1) Capital punishment is immoral because all killing is immoral, (2) Capital punishment is unjust because killing is irreversible, or (3) Capital punishment is ineffective because killing is not a deterrent to killing. I propose to argue instead that capital punishment is immoral because of the kind of killing it is, rather than because it is a kind of killing simpliciter. This is a specifically moral argument, but it differs from the usual pacifist argument in that it does not assert or depend upon the claim that all killing is i... ...emeditation, they too become murder. Since the death penalty clearly involves the elements of delay, disarming, and premeditation, I conclude that the death penalty is murder in the biblical sense and ought to be abolished in any God-fearing society. Notes (1) Haines, Herbert H., Against Capital Punishment, p. 163 (2) Shin, Kilman, Death Penalty and Crime: Empirical Studies, p. 4-5 Bibliography Haines, Herbert H., Against Capital Punishment: The Anti-Death Penalty Movement in America, 1972-1994; New York/Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996 Hart, Harold H. (ed.), Punishment: For & Against; New York: Hart Publishing Company, Inc., 1971 Shin, Kilman, Death Penalty and Crime: Empirical Studies; Fairfax, VA: George Mason University Center for Economic Analysis, 1978 Sorell, Tom, Moral Theory and Capital Punishment; Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1987

Why Was the Byzantine Empire Able to Expand to the East in the Late Ninth and Tenth Centuries?

Why was the Byzantine Empire able to expand to the east in the late ninth and tenth centuries? In the seventh and eighth century the Byzantine Empire was overwhelmed by Arab attacks resulting in the loss of Syria, Egypt and North Africa. The swift loss of the Empire’s lands and the continuous Arab sieges on Constantinople appeared to be signs of the end of the Byzantine Empire. In the late ninth and tenth centuries however this had changed, surprisingly within these centuries the Byzantine Empire experienced a period of revival.It was a period of increased trade and prosperity, a revival of the Empire’s economy. The Byzantine’s military had begun a process of transformation through new military tactics and reorganisation which made it a formidable fighting force. Simultaneously as these changes occurred, the Abbasid Caliphate had weakened significantly; a slave revolt and political divisions resulted in the split of the Abbasid Caliphate into three smaller Caliph ates. The combined factors resulted in the expansion of the Byzantine Empire in the east in the late ninth and tenth centuries.The most significant cause for this expansion was the army, specifically the use of new tactics and the reorganisation of the Byzantine army. The revival of the Byzantine economy was important as the increased trade and prosperity allowed greater taxation which could then be spent on the army for better weaponry and heavy Cavalry divisions. The revival of the economy is a contributing factor however it is subordinate to the army which was crucial. This is because the military success was stimulated to a greater degree by leadership and improved tactics rather than weaponry which was influenced by the revival of the economy.Without the introduction of new tactics and the reorganisation of the Byzantine army; the Byzantine Empire would not have been as successful in the expansion in the east. The decline and the splitting of the Abbasid Caliphate were contribu ting factors as the emerging Hamdanid Caliphate was weaker than its predecessor making it more exposable to attacks. This did not however mean the complete collapse of the Abbasid Caliphate. Its successor the Hamdanid Caliphate was still powerful, therefore it was the army reforms and new tactics which were the most significant reason in allowing the Byzantine to defeat the Arabs and make ains in the east. The seventh and eighth centuries were periods characterised by the ‘Themes’. These were military districts with their own military governor and individual militia to defend each province in response to the new Arab threat. In the ninth and tenth centuries there was a shift in this policy. There was greater need for a military force for offensive assaults rather than defensive purposes. This resulted in the creation of the Tagmata, a paid, disciplined and highly trained army.The Byzantine army â€Å"evolved into a much more offensive tactical structure the main causes being the need to operate effectively on campaigns which demanded more than the seasonally available theme armies. † The shift from regional militias to a professional and well-disciplined army was crucial for the Byzantine Empires expansion in the east. It gave the Empire the ability to launch offensive campaigns; thereby allowing the Empire to make gains in the east which would not have been possible using the thematic militias as they were not suited to such warfare.The introduction of new tactics and the reorganisation of the Byzantine army was a fundamental factor in the expansion in the east during the ninth and tenth centuries. Generals could utilise field manuals which produced â€Å"a flexible yet hard hitting force at their disposal that could respond appropriately to a range of different situations. † These field manuals also produced military drills to better prepare and improve the overall quality of their soldiers. The ‘De Velitatione’ is one example of these field manuals it states: There is no other possible way†¦for you to prepare for warfare except by first exercising and training the army under you command. You must accustom them to, and train them in, the handling of weapons and get them to endure bitter and wearisome tasks and labours. † The use of field manuals ultimately improved the quality of the commanders and the soldiers which he controlled. This produced a professional and disciplined Byzantine army which could launch attacks in the east; compared to the themed militias. The restructuring of the Byzantine army was important for increasing its ferocity and effectiveness in battle.There was a greater emphasis on the use of heavily armoured cavalry called the Kataphraktoi in the Byzantine army. They were required to have â€Å"iron helmets heavily reinforced so as to cover their faces †¦ so that only their eyes appear. They should also wear leg guards. They must have sturdy horses covered in armour †¦ of pieces of felt and boiled leather fastened together down to the knees so that nothing of the horse’s body appears except its eyes and nostrils. † The Kataphraktoi were the â€Å"elite strike force† within the army . The use of heavily armoured cavalry increased the destructive force of the Byzantine army when attacking.The reorganisation and new military tactics of the Byzantine army were important but this was assisted greatly by skilled leadership. In the ninth and tenth century the army benefited from strong leadership which was imperative for further expansion. The Emperor Nikephorous and the Emperor John I Tzimiskes are examples of excellent leaders. John I Tzimiskes appointed commanders who were â€Å"known for their skill and experience in military matters. † This was crucial as commanders who had experience and were skilful would be more able in battle; increasing the likelihood of victory in the east.Nikephorous is described as outstripping â€Å"every man of his generation for wisdom and intelligence. † Nikephorous understood the importance of a paid, highly-trained and equipped army. John Skylitzes notes that Nikephorous imposed additional taxes and even requisitioned supplies so that his army could be well paid and ready for campaign . This is vital as a paid and well supplied army will have greater morale for battle. The reform and the restructuring of the Byzantine army as well as its strong leadership was a decisive factor.The focus of the Byzantine military shifted from the thematic militias to a highly trained and disciplined army capable of defeating the Arabs on numerous occasions; including the capture of Crete in 961 and the siege of Tarsos in 965. The revival of the Byzantine economy is an important factor in the Empire’s ability to expand east in the late ninth and tenth century. A professional, large standing army would require a thriving economy to pay for it and in the ninth century â€Å"two-thirds† of state expenditure was spent on defence and the army .Constantinople was a major port for trade linking Europe to Asia. The Byzantine Empire produced valuable, high quality goods such as Byzantine Silk which was traded as far as modern England. There was a six-fold increase in the minting of bronze coins which is â€Å"evidence of a rise in trade. † The rise in trade within the Byzantine Empire increased the government’s resources as it benefited from higher tax revenue from imports and exports. Increased tax revenue resulted in greater military expenditure; providing the military equipment for the army which made it so effective in battle.This can be illustrated by the fact that although â€Å"average pay increase of some 62 per cent† and the rise in the army payroll of â€Å"140 per cent†, while the government still ran a surplus . The revival of the Byzantine economy was important, as it helped to finance and pay for the army yet this is subordinate to the reform of the Byzantine army. The revival of the economy allowed greater financing of the army for weapons and heavy cavalry. This is only a contributing factor to the Byzantine Military gains in the East.Greater emphasis of the Byzantine successes should be placed on the leadership, the reorganisation of the army and the use of new tactics; which caused the shift from the thematic militias to a professional army. The decline of the Abbasid Empire was a significant reason for the expansion of the Byzantine Empire in the east in the late ninth and tenth century. When the Byzantine Empire was experiencing a period of economic revival, the Abbasid Empire was experiencing economic decline. The richest area of the Abbasid Empire was Iraq and the â€Å"government was dependent on the revenue. The tax revenue of the Abbasid Empire was crucial for paying its army which had made the Arabs formidable. The Zanj rebellion of 869-883 was a serious slave r ebellion in south Iraq that â€Å"threatened the very survival of the caliphate and the struggle against them was a war to the death. † The Zanj rebellion was supressed, but the economic consequences were catastrophic for the Abbasid Empire. The slave farming and â€Å"large scale reclamation of land was never begun again and it seems unlikely that the city of Basra ever fully recovered. This rebellion caused the tax revenue of the Abbasid Empire to fall substantially in the long term from 100 million dirhams to 30 million dirhams by the beginning of the tenth century . The economic decline caused the Abbasid Empire to become increasingly unable to pay the salaries of its soldiers triggering instability, compared to the Byzantine Army which was paid regularly. The economic decline produced a â€Å"period when caliphs succeeded one another with bewildering speed: four different rulers being proclaimed and accepted as caliphs, of whom at least three were subsequently killed b y assassination or rebellion. The Abbasid Empire could no longer finance a large army as it had done in the seventh and eighth centuries and it was this inability to pay its soldiers that caused instability in the governing of the Empire. Ultimately the economic pressure caused the Abbasid Empire to split in the tenth century. In 929 the Independent Umayyad Caliphate in Spain was established and in 969 the Shiite Fatamids seized Egypt. What remained of the Abbasid Empire, closest to the Byzantine Empire was the new Hamdanid Empire. This had significantly less tax revenue and resources at its disposal which meant less revenue to spend on its army.Consequently the Hamdanid Empire was far weaker than its predecessor, making it easier for the Byzantine Empire to expand in the east in a period of economic revival and military reform. The decline of the Abbasid Empire caused the new Arab caliphate to be more susceptible to Byzantine attacks however it was the reform of the army which was the decisive factor for expansion in the east. Economic decline may have weakened the Abbasids ability to pay its army which caused discontent, yet it was still in a reasonably strong position at the beginning of the tenth century.The death of the Caliph Al Muktafi in 908 marks â€Å"the high point of the Abbasid revival. Not only were Syria and Egypt subdued but the treasury was full and the caliph left 15 million dinars. The army seems to have been effective and firmly under the control of the caliph and his civilian administrators. † The Abbassid Empire did not split until much later in the tenth century yet the Byzantine Empire was still able to inflict defeats including the battle of Lalakaon in 868 and at the Battle of Bathys Ryax in 872. Therefore the underlining factor which allowed the Byzantine Empire to expand to the east was its own army reforms.Even with the split of the Abbassid Empire and although the Hamdanid Empire was significantly weaker, it was still able to launch successful offensives against the Byzantine Empire. In 956 Saif al Daulah had â€Å"penetrated deeply into the Byzantine frontier region, caused a great deal of damage and dislocation to the local population and the military command, totally outmanoeuvred his enemy, outwitted them in a short, sharp field action, and returned safely laden with booty. † This emphasises that the Arabs were not weakened to such an extent where they could be easily beaten.It also highlighted consequences when the Byzantine commanders â€Å"failed to follow the strategy. † In the ninth and tenth centuries the Byzantine Empire was able to make gains in the east. This was a result of a period of Byzantine revival and the Abbasid Empires decline. The economic revival of the Byzantine Empire was beneficial as there was greater trade which increased tax revenue which in turn paid for the army. The Abbasid Empires economic decline in the long term caused the eventual split of the empire making it much weaker and open to Byzantine attacks.The most fundamental factor was the reform of the army, the use of new tactics and the reorganisation of the Byzantine military. The shift from thematic militias to a disciplined and highly trained army using heavy cavalry was crucial in the expansion in the east. Bibliography HALDON, J. , ‘Byzantium at War’, in The Fall of Constantinople: The Ottoman Conquest of Byzantium. Tempus, 2007. HALDON, J. , The Byzantine Wars. Tempus, 2001. HOURANI, A, A. History of the Arab Peoples. Warner Books 2009. KENNEDY, H. , The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates. The Islamic Near East from the Sixth to the Eleventh Century.Pearson Education, 1986. LEO THE DEACON, The History of Leo the Deacon: Byzantine Military Expansion in the Tenth Century, trans. A. -M. Talbot and D. Sullivan. Dumbarton Oaks, 2005. LUTTWAK, E. N. , The Grand Strategy of the Byzantine Empire. Harvard University Press, 2009. Nikephoros II Phokas, Praecepta Milit aria in E. McGeer, Sowing the Dragon’s Teeth: Byzantine Warfare in the Tenth Century. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, 1995. SKYLITZES, John, A Synopsis of Byzantine History, 811-1057. Cambridge University Press, 2010. TREADGOLD, W. , The Byzantine Revival, 780-842. Stanford University, 1988.

An Overview Of Organic Foods Environmental Sciences Essay

Under the criterions that adopted by the U.S. Agriculture Department ( USDA ) , organic nutrients bring the significance that nutrients raised without chemicals and processed without additives. Man-made fertilisers, pesticides and antibiotics may non be used in raising organic nutrients. Besides that, usage of irradiation, biotechnology, and sewer-sludge fertiliser is besides banned. Farming patterns used before the 1900 ‘s are classed as organic. It was merely after this that added chemicals such as urea and DDT were brought into agriculture. By and large, organic nutrients included organic veggies, fruits, dairy merchandises, meat, and olive oil. Animals can be classs as organic if they are feed with organic nutrients like organic maizes and organic harvests. Based on the information of All for Natural Health, familial alteration is non allowed throughout the whole elevation procedure. Furthermore, additives and seasoning are forbiding to be added into meats. Because of these patterns, organic nutrients bring more nutrition and healthier if comparison with conventional nutrients. Some consumers believe that organic nutrients are tasty due to the agriculture and raising patterns. From a research conducted by Organic Monitor towards organic planetary market, single-digit market growing was observed for the first clip in 2009 because of the economic lag cut downing industry investing and consumer disbursement power. Organic nutrients and imbibe gross revenues expanded by approximately five per centum to 54.9 billion US dollarsA in 2009. Global grosss have increased observed each twelvemonth, except in 2009. Based on the information that collected by Willer and Kilcher ( 2009 ) , more than 140 states are now bring forthing certified organic nutrients with 32.2 million hectares of agricultural land being managed organically globally by more than 1.2 million manufacturers. The states with the largest markets are the US, Germany, and France ; the highest per capita ingestion is Denmark, Switzerland, and Austria which shown in the tabular array below:Table 1.1: The states with the highest per capita ingestion of Organic nutrients 2009Organic Foods Market in Malaysia It is undeniable that the demand for organic nutrients is on the lifting tendency in Malaysia. This lifting tendency fundamentally caused by the alterations of consumer life style as they are more concern about nutrients safety. Harmonizing to IFOAM & A ; FiBL ( 2003 ) , there are 600 hectares of land under organic direction ; with a portion of entire agricultural land of 0.01. Domestic production is mostly limited to veggies and fruit with perchance one organic domestic fowl operator in East Malaysia. Whilst turning, entire estimated norm is still statistically undistinguished ( UNEP/UNCTAD, 2006 ) . Most organic production is sold domestically with some being exported to Singapore. So far, thereA isA no dependable market statistics available. Some supermarkets such as Jusco, Carrefour, set up an organic corner to advance organic merchandises. Based on the information provided by Department of Agriculture Malaysia, Malaysia Organic Scheme ( SOM ) is a enfranchisement programme to r ecognize the husbandman who operates his farm in conformity with the standard conditions set by the national organic criterion, MS 1529:2001. An inspector from SOM will be send to transport out for farm review and the determination to attest whether a farm is organic or non is made by a enfranchisement commission consisting of members from assorted authorities sections. Once the application is successful, a logo of Organic Malaysia will be labeled on the merchandises. A merchandise with this organic logo fundamentally is more expensive comparison to others. In wide, SOM brings benefit to whole society because environmental pollution is minimized and consumers are assured that the merchandises they purchase are genuinely organic.Research BackgroundIt is a fact that the demand for organic nutrients are lifting dramatically in these few old ages. Foods safety and wellness consciousness are turning quickly in late old ages. Therefore, some consumers tend to buy organic merchandises whic h are healthier and higher quality. Under the 9th Malaysia Plan ( 2006-2010 ) that unveiled by the 5th Prime Minister of Malaysia, A Datuk Seri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi, the authorities is aiming the organic agriculture industry to be deserving RM800 million in 5 old ages ‘ clip. The Ministry of Agriculture plans to hold 20,000 hectares under organic farming methods by twelvemonth 2010, increasing local production by 4,000 hectares per twelvemonth. Organic ingestion is expected to turn by 20 % per annum ( DoA ) . Besides this, authorities encourages little scale manufacturer endeavor into organic agriculture. Compare to conventional nutrients, organic nutrients bring a batch of advantages and organic agriculture patterns may minimise environmental pollution. Organic farming method creates organic veggies and fruit contains more 50 % vitamin, nutrition and mineral than farmed nutrients. With a chemical free agriculture method, organic nutrients may cut down nutrient toxic conditio n and forestall some diseases. Pesticides and antifungals are spray on veggies and fruits straight on commercial agriculture method and excessively much ingestion of these chemicals in long term can do malignant neoplastic disease because of it can non be to the full digest by our organic structure system. Therefore, organic nutrients are better pick to cut down the opportunity to develop malignant neoplastic disease. From environment facet, organic agriculture method takes good attention of dirt and land because it encourages the recycling of foods back into the dirt so it can really make better long term sustainability for our land resources.Problem StatementIn facts, there are many research workers making research on the facet of organic nutrients but there are non much research sing Malaysia organic nutrients market. This has triggered the involvement and avidity to analyze more about this subject. Despite authorities has mark to increase organic farming industry, but there are still some consumers do non aware about the particular properties of organic nutrients compare to conventional nutrients. Furthermore, organic market in Malaysia can be considered as little comparison to other western state such as United State and Australia. Besides than these, factors and motivations that influence families to alter their purchase attitudes from conventional nutrients to organic nutrients is besides one of the factors that triggered the involvement to analyze more about this subject.Research AimsThis research paper is conducted for the intent of: To place is at that place any relationship between 3 factors ( economic, psychological science, direction ) and purchase determination of organic nutrients among Malaysia families. To find what is the chief factor to act upon Malaysia families on buying organic nutrients. To research the relationship between demographic background ( age, instruction degree, gender and faith ) and purchase determination for organic nutrients.Research QuestionsBased on the research aim that stated in 1.4, this research will set up several inquiries: What are the relationship between 3 factors ( economic, psychological science, direction ) and purchase determination of organic nutrients among Malaysia families? What is the chief factor to act upon Malaysia families on buying organic nutrients? What is the relationship between demographic background and purchase determination for organic nutrients?Definitions of Key FootingsTable below is the list of cardinal footings with accounts of definitions that the writer will concentrate on in this survey.Table 1.2 Definitions of Key FootingsCardinal TermDefinitionBeginnings1 Organic Foods Foods produced without utilizing most conventional pesticides ; fertilisers made with man-made ingredients or sewerage sludge ; biotechnology ; or ionising radiation. U.S. Department of Agriculture ( USDA ) 2 Economic A scientific discipline which surveies human behavior as a relationship between terminals and scarce agencies which have alternate utilizations. Lionel Robbins ( 1932 ) 3 Psychology A scientific survey of human behaviour and mental procedures Feldman, ( 1990 ) 4 Management 5 Demographic A characteristic used to depict some facet of a population and that can be measured for that population, such as growing rate, age scope, income degree, and instruction background Laura Klappenbach, n.dScope of StudyIn order to increase readers ‘ involvement, this research paper is titled as multidimensional selling positions of organic nutrients. In a simpler word, this research paper is conducted to look into what are the chief factors to act upon consumer from Johor Bahru and Malacca to buy organic nutrients. Therefore, the lone dependant variable is organic nutrients purchase determination. Four independent variables had been established to mensurate this relationship. The four independent variables that have been employed in this research are economic, psychological science, direction and demographic. Survey signifier will be established and administer to aim respondents, family from Johor Bahru and Malacca province who age from 20-65 old ages old. 200 sets of questionnaires will be every bit distributed to aim respondents based on demographic background which is gender. In other words, 100 sets questionnaire will be distributed to male while the re mainder will reply by female.Significance of the StudyFirst, this research paper can be use as a mention to consumers particularly families who are sing to buy organic merchandise, this research might assist them through giving a clearer image about some elements and advantages of organic nutrients. Furthermore, this will take more pupils to take organic nutrients. Second, this survey of organic nutrients shall besides alarm organic husbandmans on some betterment needed. Through this paper, organic husbandmans will understand more about consumers ‘ consideration before they purchase. Some installations can be added to increase the production of organic nutrients. In add-on, organic husbandmans will be provided a clearer image about Malaysia organic nutrients market and organic label. Third, this paper shall give information to those organic nutrients retail merchants. Through understanding consumers ‘ outlook towards organic nutrients, organic nutrients retail merchants can pull off their merchandise from the facet of pricing, wrapping and labeling to excite gross revenues volume. In add-on, this may make more occupation chances and assist to foster better Malaysia ‘s economic system. Last, this paper can be contributed as a mention to future research worker who intends to carry on research in related field. This paper can be a guideline to assist researcher hold a clearer image and smoothen their research advancement.Organization of the ResearchIntroduction about organic nutrients and overall of this research are discuss in chapter 1. Organic nutrients market in Malaysia is defined here and follows up with research background that focuses on some information about organic nutrients. Research aims and inquiries are established in chapter 1 that discuss about aims to be step in this research. Chapter 2 is concentrate on the past literature reappraisal that are related to organic nutrients, which has been published by a big figure of research worker. The chief independent variables will be explained in this portion which consists of economic system, psychological science, direction, and demographic. A really specific account of each variable will be provided in this portion. Chapter 3 will calculate out the research methodological analysis that will be used in this research paper in order to happen out the relationship of independent variables towards purchase determination of organic nutrients. In add-on, hypothesis and theoretical model will be besides shown in this chapter. Apart from these, informations analysis method and trying design will be explained in item. Chapter 4 will continue with the analysis of the information that have been collected by utilizing Statistical Process for Social Science ( SPSS ) Version 18. Analysis of demographic background of the respondents is provided in this chapter. Chapter 5 illustrates the treatment of the hypothesis. Each of the hypotheses that established in chapter 4 will be farther explain in this chapter and follow by deductions. Furthermore, restriction of the survey and some recommendations for this research paper will be provided in this portion. Last, a simple decision will be usage to stop the full research.Chapter SummaryIn overall, chapter 1 has explained the definition and organic nutrients market. In this portion, the research worker has besides set up the research aim for this survey. In add-on, the definition of dependant variable and each independent variable has been explained in a table signifier. Last, range of survey and important of the survey besides has been explained in inside informations in this chapter.

A Lesson Before Dying1 essays

A Lesson Before Dying1 essays Grant Wiggins' life crises were the center of the story. Although he was supposed to make Jefferson into a man, he himself became more of one as a result. Not to say that Jefferson was not in any way transformed from the "hog" he was into an actual man, but I believe this story was really written about Mr. Wiggins. Mr. Wiggins improved as a person greatly in this book, and that helped his relationships with other people for the most part. At the start of the book, he more or less hated Jefferson, but after a while he became his friend and probably the only person Jefferson felt he could trust. The turning point in their relationship was the one visit in which Jefferson told Mr. Wiggins that he wanted a gallon of ice cream, and that he never had enough ice cream in his whole life. At that point Jefferson confided something in Mr. Wiggins, something that I didn't see Jefferson doing often at all in this book. "I saw a slight smile come to his face, and it was not a bitter smile. Not bitter at all"; this is the first instance in which Jefferson breaks his somber barrier and shows emotions. At that point he became a man, not a hog. As far as the story tells, he never showed any sort of emotion before the shooting or after up until that point. A hog can't show emotions, but a man can. There is the epiphany of the story, where Mr. Wiggins realizes that the purpose of life is to help make the world a better place, and at that time he no longer minds visiting Jefferson and begins becoming his friend. Mr. Wiggins' relationship with his Aunt declined in this story, although it was never very strong. His Aunt treated him like he should be a hog and always obey, yet she wanted him to make a hog into a man. His Aunt was not a very nice person, she would only show kindness towards people who shared many of her views, and therefore was probably a very hard person to get along with. ...

Pride and Prejudice Characters

'Pride and Prejudice' Characters In Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice, most of the characters are members of the landed gentry- that is, non-titled landowners. Austen is famous for writing sharp observations of this small circle of country gentry and their social entanglements, and Pride and Prejudice is no exception. Many of the characters in Pride and Prejudice are well-rounded individuals, particularly the two leads. However, other characters exist largely to serve the thematic purpose of satirizing society and gender norms. Elizabeth Bennet The second-eldest of the five Bennet daughters, Elizabeth (or â€Å"Lizzy†) is the novels protagonist. Quick-witted, playful, and intelligent, Elizabeth has mastered the art of being polite in society while holding tightly to her strong opinions in private. Elizabeth is a sharp observer of others, but she also has a tendency to prize her ability to pass judgments and form opinions quickly. She’s often embarrassed by her mother and younger sisters’ indelicate and rude behavior, and although she’s acutely aware of her familys financial standing, she still hopes to marry for love rather than convenience. Elizabeth is immediately offended when she overhears criticism of herself expressed by Mr. Darcy. All her suspicious about Darcy are then confirmed when she befriends an officer, Wickham, who tells her how Darcy mistreated him. As time goes on, Elizabeth learns that first impressions can be mistaken, but she remains angry at Darcy for meddling in her sister Janes budding romance with Bingley. Following Darcy’s failed proposal and subsequent explanation of his past, Elizabeth comes to realize that her prejudices have blinded her observation and that her feelings might be deeper than she first realized. Fitzwilliam Darcy Darcy, a wealthy landowner, is the novel’s male lead and, for a time, Elizabeth’s antagonist. Haughty, taciturn, and somewhat antisocial, he does not endear himself to anyone upon first entering society and is generally perceived as a cold, snobbish man. Mistakenly convinced that Jane Bennet is only after his friend Bingley’s money, he attempts to separate the two. This meddling earns him further dislike from Janes sister Elizabeth, for whom Darcy has been developing feelings. Darcy proposes to Elizabeth, but his proposal emphasizes Elizabeths inferior social and financial status, and an insulted Elizabeth responds by revealing the depth of her dislike for Darcy. Although Mr. Darcy is proud, stubborn, and very status-conscious, he is actually a deeply decent and compassionate man. His enmity with the charming Wickham turns out to be based on Wickham’s manipulations and attempted seduction of Darcy’s sister, and he demonstrates his kindness by providing the money to turn Wickham’s elopement with Lydia Bennet into a marriage. As his compassion grows, his pride recedes, and when he proposes to Elizabeth a second time, it is with respect and understanding. Jane Bennet Jane is the eldest Bennet sister and widely considered to be the sweetest and prettiest. Gentle and optimistic, Jane tends to think the best of everyone, which comes back to hurt her when she overlooks Caroline Bingleys manipulative efforts to separate Jane from Mr. Bingley. Jane’s romantic misadventures teach her to be more realistic about the motivations of others, but she never falls out of love with Bingley and happily accepts his proposal when he returns to her life. Jane is a counterbalance, or foil, to Elizabeth: gentle and trusting in contrast to Lizzy’s sharp tongue and observant nature. Nevertheless, the sisters share a genuine affection and joyful nature. Charles Bingley Similar in temperament to Jane, it’s no wonder that Mr. Bingley falls in love with her. While he’s of very average intelligence and is a bit naà ¯ve, he’s also open-hearted, unfailingly polite, and naturally charming, which puts him in direct contrast with his reticent, arrogant friend Darcy. Bingley falls in love at first sight with Jane, but leaves Meryton after being convinced of Janes indifference by Darcy and his sister Caroline. When Bingley reappears later in the novel, having learned that his loved ones were mistaken, he proposes to Jane. Their marriage is a counterpoint to Elizabeth and Darcys: while both couples were kept apart despite being well-matched, Jane and Bingleys separation was caused by external forces (manipulative relatives), whereas Lizzy and Darcys early conflict was caused by their own character traits. William Collins The Bennets’ estate is subject to an entail that means it will be inherited by the nearest male relative: their cousin, Mr. Collins. A self-important, deeply ridiculous parson, Collins is an awkward and mildly irritating man who believes himself to be deeply charming and clever. He intends to make up for the inheritance situation by marrying the eldest Bennet daughter, but upon learning that Jane is likely to become engaged, he turns his attentions instead on Elizabeth. It takes a remarkable amount of convincing to persuade him that she is uninterested in him, and he soon marries her friend Charlotte instead. Mr. Collins takes great pride in the patronage of Lady Catherine de Bourgh, and his sycophantic nature and pompous attention to rigid social constructs means he gets along with her quite well. Lydia Bennet As the youngest of five Bennet sisters, fifteen-year-old Lydia is considered the spoiled, impetuous one of the bunch. She’s frivolous, self-absorbed, and obsessed with flirting with officers. She behaves impulsively, thinking nothing of eloping with Wickham. She then winds up in a hastily-made marriage to Wickham, arranged in the name of restoring her virtue, despite the fact that the match will surely be unhappy for Lydia. In the context of the novel, Lydia is treated as silly and thoughtless, but her narrative arc is also the result of the limitations she experiences as a woman in nineteenth century society. Mary Bennet, Lydias sister, conveys Austens sharp assessment of gender (in)equality with this statement: Unhappy as the event must be for Lydia, we may draw from it this useful lesson: that loss of virtue in a female is irretrievable; that one false step involves her in endless ruin. George Wickham A charming militiaman, Wickham befriends Elizabeth right away and confides to her his mistreatment at the hands of Darcy. The two carry on a flirtation, although it never really goes anywhere. It’s revealed that his pleasant nature is only superficial: he’s actually greedy and selfish, spent all the money Darcy’s father left to him, and then tried to seduce Darcy’s sister in order to get access to her money. He later elopes with Lydia Bennet with no intention of marrying her, but is ultimately convinced to do so by Darcy’s persuasion and money. Charlotte Lucas Elizabeth’s closest friend Charlotte is the daughter of another middle-class gentry family in Meryton. She’s considered physically plain and, while she’s kind and funny, is twenty-seven and unmarried. Since she’s not as romantic as Lizzy, she accepts Mr. Collins’ marriage proposal, but carves out her own quiet corner of their life together. Caroline Bingley A vain social-climber, Caroline is well-off and ambitious to be even more so. She’s calculating and, though capable of being charming, very status-conscious and judgmental. Although she takes Jane under her wing at first, her tone quickly changes upon realizing her brother Charles is serious about Jane, and she manipulates her brother to believe Jane is disinterested. Caroline also views Elizabeth as a rival for Darcy and frequently attempts to one-up her, both to impress Darcy and to matchmake between her brother and Darcy’s sister Georgiana. In the end, she’s unsuccessful on all fronts. Mr. and Mrs. Bennet Long-married and long-suffering, the Bennets are perhaps not the best example of marriage: she’s high-strung and obsessed with marrying off her daughters, while he’s laid-back and wry. Mrs. Bennet’s concerns are valid, but she pushes too far in her daughters’ interest, which is part of the reason why both Jane and Elizabeth nearly lose out on excellent matches. She takes to bed with â€Å"nervous complaints† quite often, especially following Lydia’s elopement, but news of her daughters’ marriages perks her right up. Lady Catherine de Bourgh The imperious mistress of the Rosings estate, Lady Catherine is the only character in the novel who is aristocratic (as opposed to landed gentry). Demanding and arrogant, Lady Catherine expects to get her way at all times, which is why Elizabeth’s self-assured nature irritates her from their first meeting. Lady Catherine likes to brag about how she â€Å"would have been† accomplished, but she is not actually accomplished or talented. Her greatest scheme is to marry her sickly daughter Anne to her nephew Darcy, and when she hears a rumor that he is to marry Elizabeth instead, she rushes to find Elizabeth and demand that such a marriage never take place. She is dismissed by Elizabeth and, instead of her visit severing any ties between the couple, it actually serves to confirm to both Elizabeth and Darcy that the other is still very much interested.

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 5

Leadership - Essay Example Discipline thinking is important in minimizing strategic blunders as plans are thoroughly thought through. It promotes a system of self/ internal correction while at the same time enhancing clear modes of formulation and implementation of ideas. It enhances an organization’s self-discipline, self-monitoring and self-corrective thinking and apart from enhancing and effective and open communication within the organization, it enables effective interpretation of ideas leading to solid conclusions and solutions, testing them against relevant criteria and standards. Strategic thinking saves costs that may be incurred from poor decision making - capital that can be redirected towards further development (Encyclopedia of Creativity, Invention, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 2013). The organization has overtime exhibited disciplined thinking and behavior that has served to propel it to global heights. For example, the idea to establish offices worldwide has helped expand the market and consumer base to every corner of the world and boost its competitiveness. Also, the increased variety of goods and services offered such as loan and banking services, video game equipment, mobile phones, televisions, music and sound systems, clothing amongst others has seen to a capturing of millions of varied consumers on a global scale. Disciplined thinking is a process that can be enhanced in an organization by promoting and encouraging new ideas amongst workers and motivating employees to feel part and parcel of the organization. The workers must feel that the organization’s problems are their problems in order to be innovative and creative enough. Cases of ridicule of ideas and negative office gossip must be weeded out from the workplace and those who have seen their ideas fail or get rejected by the organization must be encouraged to soldier on and not throw in the towel as further innovations and ideas could offer a breakthrough and shape fortune of the organizatio n. Strategic thinking can further still be promoted by constituting idea sharing forums, seminars and suitable, convenient channels amongst all workers with enhanced open upward, downward and sideways communication for flow of ideas. Workers should be offered a conducive, calm and peaceful work atmosphere and their efforts and breakthroughs recognized through promotions, pay rises, employee of the duration awards, parties, trips and vacations fully catered for by the organization and so on. Positive deviance is

Contemporary Business Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Concept of Money and Its Creation - Essay Example This paper illustrates that for many centuries since the invention of money as an alternative medium of exchange from the old system that used barter trade, the medium has revolutionalized financial systems. Without the invention of money, one would wonder whether we would have the current financial institutions. The use of money eased the process of making payment and purchasing of items. The process of creating money is often a misunderstood phenomenon. Although many studies show that there are two main institutions tasked with the process of money creation, the process involved in creating money without the manual paper consideration is elusive. The two main institutions involved in the creation of money are the financial banks and the government.It is estimated that about 97% of the money created originates from the banks while only 3% comes from the governments. Using the United States as a case study in describing and assessing the effects and effectiveness of qualitative easin g would provide a platform on how to stabilize economic growth. The narrow form of money is the most common medium of exchange. It is the form of money in circulation within any economy. It consists of coins and notes as well as sight deposit. The site deposits belong to accounts whose owners can make withdrawals without attracting penalties. The narrow form of money is corroborative indicators for the spending regimes. In fact, the form of money used in carrying out most of the day-to-day transactions of services and goods are the narrow form of money. Therefore, narrow money is the main form of exchange involving the monetary value. The zero maturity money is the sum of coins and notes on hold by the private sectors (the non-bakers). For instance, employers pay their employees either by cash or cheque. Besides, these companies used the same form of money to pay and offset their expenditures. Unlike the broad form of money, the narrow form of money gives a clear outlook on the asse ts employed as the medium of exchange.

Development & Implications of a Green Road Infrastructure Dissertation

Development & Implications of a Green Road Infrastructure - Dissertation Example Evidently, the technique presents requisite incentives that enhance trade and social integration that is essential for growth. It holds relevance especially in the current century where most nations are facing severe economic complications that hamper funding of road construction. It presents the application of re-usable and permeable materials that are less costly compared to ancient materials. The concept requires innovative and creative mindset to ensure its holistic integration with an aim of achieving its intended objectives. The green concept applies permeable materials, the road under layers and air purifiers that are critical. Technical elements that are vital in green highway development to ensure its conformance to set specifications are also analyzed. The elements entail development of porous pavements that facilitate the efficient flow of water to eliminate degradation of road networks. Application of environmentally friendly concrete, vegetation buffer and advancement of stream restoration systems also forms its credible elements. The elements are imperative in ensuring construction of sound infrastructural systems. Clearly, engineers should consider these elements including formulation of a superior plan of activities and project’s design to ensure sustainability. Consequently, various case studies of green road infrastructure in India, Canada, and Japan are contained in the study. The countries operate under superior road network system the embraces green technology. The technology has ensured improved performance economically and development of roads that are sustainable and easy to maintain. The paper adopted purposive research methodology where the use of electronic sources, case studies and questionnaires was adopted to facilitate in-depth study based on the topic to aid realization of its intended objective. The technique enabled application of relevant data gathering techniques that are relevant to achieving a purposive aspect of the study. Introduction Green energy is a concept that is gaining prominence in the world as it holds basic incentives to transform economic and environmental settings in diverse nations. Clearly, the idea facilitates the adoption of cost-effective energy systems and infrastructural development that are sustainable. Its sustainability nature has enabled most leaders to formulate potential strategies to adopt its use holistically. There are several challenges that are influencing the construction of infrastructural systems especially roads in various countries that require an amicable solution. This has led to powerful deliberations among stakeholders with an aim of ascertaining the root causes of infrastructure degradation and formulation of relevant solutions to avert possible dilapidation of the basic element. It is crucial for nations to construct infrastructural setups that are fiscally viable and friendly.

Underage Drinking Essay Example for Free

Underage Drinking Essay Episode 4 Underage Drinking; A National Concern of It’s Always Sunny In Philadelphia addresses underage drinking through politically incorrect satire while still focusing on the seriousness of the subject matter. It is widely known and accepted that alcohol abuse by teenagers is not only a crime; it is also a sorrowful situation when it involves ruining lives and it can even result in death. The cast of It’s Always Sunny In Philadelphia presents a new and obviously demented view point to the subject. The friends portrayed in the show understand teenage drinking is unacceptable and in the opening scenes of this particular episode the cast shares some personal youthful experiences while sitting together in the bar that that is owned collectively by the group. Charlie points out a particularly dangerous moment when he says several times â€Å"Remember when we totaled Ben’s car after we plowed into that tree!† (â€Å"Underage Drinking, A National Concern†). Alcohol use among teens increases dramatically during the high-school years and leads to serious consequences for many teens. As studies by statistics from the National Institute of Health show, each year in the United States, alcohol-related automobile accidents are a major cause of teen deaths. Alcohol is also often a cause in other teenage deaths, including drowning, suicides and homicides. â€Å"Teens who drink are more likely to become sexually active, have sex more frequently and engage in risky, unprotected sex than are teens who dont drink.† (National Institute of Health). For each person who will agree with a specific angle to this subject there will be two who will stand up and disagree. A classic example from this episode is the early comment from Dee, â€Å"[there is] a social responsibility to keep teenagers from drinking.† (â€Å"Underage Drinking, A National Concern†). Obviously this is right thinking however this is the twisted turning point with regards to this episode. It is suggested and then agreed upon to give the local youth a â€Å"safe† place where they can consume alcohol without the worries typically associated with attempting to purchase liquor without valid identification. The topic should be black and  white. There isn’t supposed to be a gray area involving illegal activities and the bottom line is simple; if you’re under 21 you cannot drink alcohol. What happens on the show is especially ironic because the owners of the bar justify making money off of ignorant teenagers while telling each other they’re providing a controlled environment for something that teenagers are going to do anyway. They point out that in many countries the world over it is not uncommon for someone as young as 12 or 13 to be found drinking with some degree of regularity and rationalize that they’re actually providing a community service. Everyone would like to know why teens use drugs and alcohol; some use narcotics to fit in and then become addicted. Others think a more complicated reason exists why people use drugs, especially teenagers. During the teen years, kids are more likely to engage in risky behaviors. The increasing need for teenaged independence may make kids want to defy their parents wishes or instructions as a way of asserting their independence. Peer pressure can also have an effect on an adolescents decision to begin drinking. While much has been written about peer pressure, and its effect should not be ignored, study after study proves that parental involvement carries much more weight. Teenage bodies and minds are still developing, and drinking at that age has a much more negative effect than on an adult The abuse of alcohol by teenagers is a sneaky thing, and many times adults who dont want to believe their children would do that, find out too late that they already have. â€Å"Parents, teachers and social workers need to remain alert to the signs of alcohol abuse in teenagers.† (National Institute of Health). There is a misconception, especially among non-alcoholics, that a teenager is too young to become an alcoholic. This is a subject that is completely overlooked in the episode in spite of the tongue in cheek satire. Some recovering alcoholics can look back through specific teenage years and see that they were drinking as an alcoholic when they were much younger. It is true that most teenagers wont come to grips with their drinking problems until much later in life. Alcoholism does not discriminate against its victims, and it crosses into all age groups. What the show does not focus on ultimately, is that bad choices have bad consequences. If a teenager thinks they have a drinking problem, they should be assisted in finding help and not given rationalizations that offer a quick escape. There are many young people Alcoholics Anonymous groups available today all across the country. They are living their teenage years as it was intended to be, free of alcohol and happy. Underage drinking is a serious and criminal offence and there should be zero tolerance in spite of the success of comedic displays in the media. Works Cited National Institute of Health. Alcoholism When Drinking Becomes a Disease. â€Å"Underage Drinking; A National Concern.† It’s Always Sunny In Philadelphia. By Glenn Howerton. Rob McElhenney. Charlie Day. FX Productions. 18 Aug. 2005.

biology scientific process :: essays research papers

Biology: The Science of Our Lives Biology literally means "the study of life". Biology is such a broad field, covering the minute workings of chemical machines inside our cells, to broad scale concepts of ecosystems and global climate change. Biologists study intimate details of the human brain, the composition of our genes, and even the functioning of our reproductive system. Biologists recently all but completed the deciphering of the human genome, the sequence of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) bases that may determine much of our innate capabilities and predispositions to certain forms of behavior and illnesses. DNA sequences have played major roles in criminal cases (O.J. Simpson, as well as the reversal of death penalties for many wrongfully convicted individuals), as well as the impeachment of President Clinton (the stain at least did not lie). We are bombarded with headlines about possible health risks from favorite foods (Chinese, Mexican, hamburgers, etc.) as well as the potential benefits of eating o ther foods such as cooked tomatoes. Informercials tout the benefits of metabolism-adjusting drugs for weight loss. Many Americans are turning to herbal remedies to ease arthritis pain, improve memory, as well as improve our moods. Can a biology book give you the answers to these questions? No, but it will enable you learn how to sift through the biases of investigators, the press, and others in a quest to critically evaluate the question. To be honest, five years after you are through with this class it is doubtful you would remember all the details of meatbolism. However, you will know where to look and maybe a little about the process of science that will allow you to make an informed decision. Will you be a scientist? Yes, in a way. You may not be formally trained as a science major, but you can think critically, solve problems, and have some idea about what science can and cannoit do. I hope you will be able to tell the shoe from the shinola. The Scientific Process Scientists make progress by using the scientific method, a process of checking conclusions against nature. After observing something, a scientist tries to explain what has been seen. The explanation is called a hypothesis. There is always at least one alternative hypothesis. A part of nature is tested in a "controlled experiment" to see if the explanation matches reality. A controlled experiment is one in which all treatments are identical except that some are exposed to the hypothetical cause and some are not.

Hamlet Speech Draft Essay

In Shakespeare’s famous play â€Å"Hamlet†, Hamlet reveals the duality of human nature as he is the hero of one plot whilst a villain in the other. Hamlet portrays the heroic characteristics through bravery and fearlessness. On the other hand, he is a villain because he is a coward, disrespectful and he would do anything to achieve and benefit for himself. But Hamlet is neither a complete hero nor a complete villain. He is both, and this contributes to Shakespeare’s message concerning the duality of human nature. The following paragraphs will elaborate on Hamlet’s 3 different types of personalities. Hamlet being a hero of a plot is a major theme in the play. This is shown by through his actions of avenging his father’s death by killing the current king Claudius, Hamlets uncle. Hamlet demonstrates the quality of braveness by following the ghost ignoring the fears of his friend for him strong enough to break the restraining hold and follows the horrible illusion not knowing what could happen to him. [Hamlet-Shakespeare Act 1, Scene 4, 88 – 95] â€Å"Hold off your hands†, â€Å"My fate cries out and makes each petty artery in this body as hardy as the Nemean lion’s nerve. Still am I called.- Unhand me, gentleman. By heaven, I’ll make a ghost of him that lets me! I say, away. -Go on. I’ll follow thee. Hamlet does this because he is in desperate urge of wanting to discover how his father died and that he truly loves his father. The final reason for Hamlet being a hero is because he is not afraid of facing a politically superior man. This means that hamlet is not afraid to face the king; a person more powerful than him and tell everyone the truth about what happened to his father. Hamlet demonstrates the quality of fearlessness when is ready to fight the king. This is proven when he says [Hamlet-Shakespeare Act 5, Scene2 198 -200] â€Å"I am constant to my purpose, they follow the King’s pleasure. If his fitness speaks, mine is ready. Now or whensoever, provided I be so able as now† These words show that Hamlet’s fearlessness quality and that he is not afraid of facing a person much more powerful than him. Hamlet shows his bravery, fearlessness and determination through his action and speech and those are the qualities of a hero. Although Hamlet has many great Heroic qualities, he also has numerous villain characteristics shown through his actions and speech. He may be seen as a villain because he caused the death to the whole royal family including Polonius, Ophelia and even himself. One of his villain characteristics is portrayed when Hamlet said some harsh words to his mother making her feel threatened. [Hamlet-Shakespeare, Act 3, Scene 4, 21-23] â€Å"Come, come, and sit you down. You shall not budge. You go not till I set you up a glass Where you may see the inmost part of you†. These words illustrate one of Hamlet’s villain characteristics of being disrespectful. In addition to that, he broke Ophelia’s heart, as well as killing her father which caused her to become insane and lead her to commit suiciding. He also lied to his friends Rosencrantz and Guildenstern changing the letter making them the suspect of execution. Hamlet says [Hamlet-Shakespeare Act 5, Scene 2, 61-66] â€Å"Why, man, they did make love to this employment. They are not near my conscience. Their defeat does by their own insinuation grow. ‘Tis dangerous when the baser nature comes between the pass and fell incensed points of mighty opposites.† This shows that Hamlet is a coward, not facing execution himself but had to make his innocent friends face execution for him. These evidences proves that Hamlet is a villain because the death of the king Claudius, Gertrude, Ophelia, Laertes, Polonius, Rosencrantz, Guildenstern and himself is caused by him either directly or indirectly. Shakespeare uses the characters in the play Hamlet, especially the protagonist Hamlet to imitate the duality of human nature. Hamlet is a perfect example of a duality because he is both noble and immoral at the same time. An example of this is at the beginning when he is shocked over his father death and his mother’s quick remarriage to his uncle. This is shown in the text when Hamlet says [Hamlet-Shakespeare Act 1, Scene 2, 151-158] â€Å"even she – O, God, a beast, that wants discourse of reason would have mourned longer – married with my uncle, my father’s brother, but no more like my father than I to Hercules. Within a month, ere yet the salt of most unrighteous tears had left the flushing in her galled eyes, She married.† He then changes when he soon discovers about how his father was murdered and desires to seek revenge. Another example of a duality is that Hamlet exposes the noble side of himself. This is when he grieves for his father and despises the situation that his mother has left him in. He says [Hamlet-Shakespeare Act 1, Scene 2, 85-88] â€Å"These indeed seem, for they are actions that a man might play. But I have that within which passes show these but the trappings and the suits of woe.† This makes the reader feel that he dislikes his mother but on the contrary he still loves her even though she has left him in a miserable situation. These examples portray the duality of human nature from the character Hamlet. Hamlet can be both the hero due to the bravery and fearlessness he has shown through his actions. Although he shows heroic qualities, he can still be a villain through his coward, disrespectful and immoral actions. Hamlet is often noticed that he has more than one side to his personality at the same time and this is revealed through the play when he stands for what he believes in and takes avenge for his father’s death but in the contrary not only did he kill Claudius, he was involved in everyone’s death including Ophelia, Polonius, Gertrude, Laertes, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern and that he would do anything to achieve and benefit for himself. Through these actions, Hamlet portrays the qualities of the duality of human nature.